SBC-sig/documents/raspberrypi/内核编译.md

<!-- TOC -->

- [内核编译](#内核编译)
    - [下载内核源码](#下载内核源码)
    - [载入默认配置](#载入默认配置)
    - [编译内核](#编译内核)
    - [创建新内核收集目录](#创建新内核收集目录)
    - [安装内核模块](#安装内核模块)
    - [收集编译结果](#收集编译结果)
- [内核更新](#内核更新)

<!-- /TOC -->

# 内核编译

本文档介绍内核编译和更新的详细过程。操作目录：${WORKDIR}

>![](../public_sys-resources/icon-notice.gif) **须知：**   
>当前只有 6.6 版本的树莓派内核同时支持树莓派 5 和树莓派 3B/3B+/4B/400，其他内核版本只支持树莓派 3B/3B+/4B/400。

## 下载内核源码

根据内核不同版本，需要下载不同仓库的不同分支：

1.  6.6 内核
    - openEuler 25.03：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-25.03 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 24.09/24.03 LTS/24.03 LTS SP1/24.03 LTS SP2/24.03 LTS SP3：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b OLK-6.6 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 25.09：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-25.09 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`

2.  6.1 内核

    - openEuler 23.03：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-23.03 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`

3.  5.10 内核

    - openEuler 22.03 LTS SP3/22.03 LTS SP4：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b OLK-5.10 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 22.03 LTS SP2：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP2 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 22.03 LTS SP1：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP1 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 22.09：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-22.09 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 22.03 LTS：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-22.03-LTS && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 21.09：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-21.09 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 21.03：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/kernel.git -b openEuler-21.03 && cd kernel`

4.  4.19 内核

    - openEuler 20.03 LTS：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-20.03-LTS && cd raspberrypi-kernel`
    - openEuler 20.09：`git clone git@atomgit.com:openeuler/raspberrypi-kernel.git -b openEuler-20.09 && cd raspberrypi-kernel`

## 载入默认配置

根据内核不同版本，需要载入不同的默认配置：

1.  6.6 内核

    - openEuler 24.03 LTS/24.03 LTS SP1/25.03/24.03 LTS SP2/25.09/24.03 LTS SP3：
      - 树莓派 5：`make ARCH=arm64 O=output/2712 bcm2712_defconfig`
      - 树莓派 4B：`make ARCH=arm64 O=output/v8 bcm2711_defconfig`
    - openEuler 24.09：`make ARCH=arm64 bcm2711_defconfig`

2.  6.1 内核

    - openEuler 23.03：`make ARCH=arm64 bcm2711_defconfig`

3.  5.10 内核

    `make ARCH=arm64 bcm2711_defconfig`

4.  4.19 内核

    `make ARCH=arm64 openeuler-raspi_defconfig`

对应的 defconfig 文件在 ./arch/arm64/configs 下。

## 编译内核


- 6.6 内核
   - 树莓派 5：`make ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc) O=output/2712 KERNELRELEASE=6.6-2712`
   - 树莓派 4B：`make ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc) O=output/v8 KERNELRELEASE=6.6-v8`

- 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核：`make ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc)`

## 创建新内核收集目录

- 6.6 内核
   - 树莓派 5：`mkdir ${WORKDIR}/output-2712`
   - 树莓派 4B：`mkdir ${WORKDIR}/output-v8`

- 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核：`mkdir ${WORKDIR}/output`

## 安装内核模块

- 6.6 内核
   - 树莓派 5：`make ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc) INSTALL_MOD_PATH=${WORKDIR}/output-2712 modules_install KERNELRELEASE=6.6-2712`
   - 树莓派 4B：`make ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc) INSTALL_MOD_PATH=${WORKDIR}/output-v8 modules_install KERNELRELEASE=6.6-v8`

- 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核：`make ARCH=arm64 -j$(nproc) INSTALL_MOD_PATH=${WORKDIR}/output modules_install`

在 `${WORKDIR}/output-2712`、`${WORKDIR}/output-v8` 或 `${WORKDIR}/output` 文件夹下会生成 lib 文件夹。

## 收集编译结果

1.  内核

    - 6.6 内核
       - 树莓派 5：`cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/output/2712/arch/arm64/boot/Image ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/`
       - 树莓派 4B：`cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/output/v8/arch/arm64/boot/Image ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/`
    - 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核：`cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/arch/arm64/boot/Image ${WORKDIR}/output/`

2.  设备树文件等

    - 6.6 内核
      - 树莓派 5：
        ```
        cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/output/2712/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/*.dtb ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/
        mkdir ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/overlays
        cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/output/2712/arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/*.dtb* ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/overlays/
        ```

      - 树莓派 4B：
        ```
        cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/output/v8/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/*.dtb ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/
        mkdir ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/overlays
        cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/output/v8/arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/*.dtb* ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/overlays/
        ```

    - 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核
      ```
      cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/broadcom/*.dtb ${WORKDIR}/output/
      mkdir ${WORKDIR}/output/overlays
      cp ${WORKDIR}/raspberrypi-kernel/arch/arm64/boot/dts/overlays/*.dtb* ${WORKDIR}/output/overlays/
      ```

至此，所有内核及内核模块相关内容都在 `${WORKDIR}/output-2712`、`${WORKDIR}/output-v8` 或 `${WORKDIR}/output` 下了。

# 内核更新

这里 `${boot}` 和 `${rootfs}` 分别表示待更新系统或镜像文件的 `boot` 和 `root` 分区的挂载目录。

1. 将内核放进引导

   - 6.6 内核
     - 树莓派 5：`cp ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/Image ${boot}/kernel_2712.img`
     - 树莓派 4B：`cp ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/Image ${boot}/kernel8.img`

   - 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核：`cp ${WORKDIR}/output/Image ${boot}/kernel8.img`

2. 将设备树文件放进引导

   - 6.6 内核
     - 树莓派 5：
       ```
       cp ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/*.dtb ${boot}/
       cp -r ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/overlays ${boot}/
       ```
     - 树莓派 4B：
       ```
       cp ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/*.dtb ${boot}/
       cp -r ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/overlays ${boot}/
       ```

   - 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核
      ```
      cp ${WORKDIR}/output/*.dtb ${boot}/
      cp -r ${WORKDIR}/output/overlays ${boot}/
      ```

3. 将内核模块放进 rootfs

   - 6.6 内核
     - 树莓派 5：`cp -r ${WORKDIR}/output-2712/lib/modules/* ${rootfs}/lib/modules/`
     - 树莓派 4B：`cp -r ${WORKDIR}/output-v8/lib/modules/* ${rootfs}/lib/modules/`

   - 6.1/5.10/4.19 内核：`cp -r ${WORKDIR}/output/lib/modules/* ${rootfs}/lib/modules/`